Containment measures the percentage of a fire's perimeter that firefighters have under control. Parts of the fire's interior may still be burning.

These are some of the bold ideas academics have for Los Angeles as it recovers from the Eaton and Palisades fires, which killed 28 people and damaged or destroyed nearly 16,000 structures. Together, the blazes charred 59 sq miles (152 sq km) - an area larger than Paris.

At least 29 people are believed to be dead and more than a dozen others remain unaccounted for as multiple wildfires rage across Southern California.

By Chris Kirkham, Judith Langowski and Peter Henderson LOS ANGELES (Reuters) - Seven years before wildfires tore through opposite ends of the Los Angeles area, the Tubbs Fire in Northern California's Sonoma County jumped a six-lane freeway and decimated Santa Rosa's Coffey Park subdivision,